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Common Alerting Protocol (CAP)
ServicesEmergency
OASIS
| Version: 1.2
The Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) is a simple but general format for exchanging all-hazard emergency alerts and public warnings over all kinds of networks. CAP allows a consistent warning message to be disseminated simultaneously over many different warning systems, thus increasing warning effectiveness while simplifying the warning task. CAP also facilitates the detection of emerging patterns in local warnings of various kinds, such as might indicate an undetected hazard or hostile act.
Details
  • License: Copyright OASIS
  • About the Publisher: OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) is a nonprofit organization that develops and promotes the use of standards in the a wide range of fields. The non-profit Partnership for Public Warning sponsored the CAP submission to the OASIS standards process
  • Updated by Publisher: 2010-06-01
  • Level of Use: Used by public alerting agencies worldwide, and many countries have developed variations on the standard specific to their needs. The International Telecommunications Union has named CAP as a recommended format for exchanging all-hazard emergency alerts since 2007
  • Open License: No
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: CAP was designed to be used internationally, and does not require data specific to any jurisdiction
  • Stakeholder Participation: The technical working group for CAP consists of members of the emergency management and response community
  • Consensus-based Governance: No method for contribution
  • Extensions: Extensibility was one of the main requirements when designing the standard. Countries have created their own variations of CAP, such as CAP Canadian Profile, which addresses Canadian needs such as bilingualism and Canadian geocoding
  • Machine Readable: XML schema
  • Human Readable: Data values are not coded and entries contain plaintext descriptions
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Feeds are headed by an http request timestamp
  • Metadata: Header contains metadata such as alerting.net namespace and Atom syndication format
Added to directory: 2017-06-19
Ed-Fi Data Standard
ServicesEducation
Ed-Fi Alliance
| Version: 2
The Ed-Fi Data Standard builds a secure bridge between disparate data systems, empowering state agencies, districts and educators with up-to-date, actionable insights so they can better understand the individual needs of every student in their classroom. The Ed-Fi Data Standard serves as the foundation for enabling interoperability among secure data systems and contains a Unifying Data Model designed to capture the meaning and inherent structure in the most important information in the K-12 education enterprise.
Details
  • License: Licensed by Ed-Fi, but provided freely upon registration
  • About the Publisher: Ed-Fi Alliance is funded by the Dell foundation and is composed of education IT personnel and technology solution partners
  • Updated by Publisher: 2017-02-24
  • Level of Use: Since launching in July 2011, Ed-Fi technology has gained significant momentum in K-12 education among state education agencies, school districts and vendors. As of February 2014, 19 states have licensed or are in discussions to license Ed-Fi technology. Collectively, these 19 states represent 40% of K-12 students and teachers across the United States
  • Open License: No
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Current Ed-Fi Technology licensees include only US school districts, but include everything in the K-12 range
  • Stakeholder Participation: Clients (school districts) are not expected to participate in creating the standard
  • Consensus-based Governance: Standard and documentation is maintained on GitHub and is claimed to be open-source but contribution appears to be insular
  • Extensions: No information
  • Machine Readable: XML schema
  • Human Readable: Element names are logical and readable
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Depends on the dataset (Student Attendance Interchange versus Education Organization Interchange)
  • Metadata: No information
Added to directory: 2017-06-14
Humanitarian Exchange Language (HXL)
ServicesMetadataEmergency
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
| Version: 1
Simple, hashtag-based standard to improve data sharing during humanitarian crises. Tags are added to a spreadsheet as a second row underneath headers, providing a standardized classification of the column's contents. Maintained by UN OCHA, with participation from a group of agencies, NGOs, and donors.
Details
  • License: GNU General Public License 2.0
  • About the Publisher: The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) coordinates effective and principled humanitarian action after major disasters. OCHA promotes disaster preparedness and prevention and facilitates sustainable solutions
  • Updated by Publisher: 2016-03-18
  • Level of Use: No information
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Can be applied to any humanitarian spreadsheet data
  • Stakeholder Participation: This standard is published by a working group that includes representatives from the Humanitarian Innovation Fund, IOM, OCHA, Save the Children, UNHCR, UNICEF, USAID, the World Bank, and the World Food Program
  • Consensus-based Governance: No information
  • Extensions: It is impossible for the working group to anticipate the needs of every sector, cluster, and organisation, so there is a well-defined mechanism for creating extension hashtags and attributes.
  • Machine Readable: HXL hashtags and attributes improve automation and interoperability for spreadsheet-style data.
  • Human Readable: Most aid data lives in spreadsheets, not databases or mobile apps.
  • Requires Real-Time Data: HXL supports all types of data, including real-time reporting, information about the past, and forecasts for the future.
  • Metadata: HXL encourages the addition of date, source, and similar metadata to each row, but because it is a retrofit standard (for use on top of existing spreadsheets and templates), it does not *require* that metadata.
Added to directory: 2017-11-27
Open311 Inquiry API
Public FacilitiesServices
OpenPlans
| Version: 1
Open 311's Inquiry API is a standardized protocol for information about public spaces and services. The Open311 Inquiry API consists of a set of content related to the services provided by the city, a city facilities list (concerning meaning not GIS, although there will be geospatial attributes for the facilities), and a RSS feed that contains information about daily status of public services and facilities.
Details
  • License: No information
  • About the Publisher: OpenPlans is a non-profit, technology based organization that aims to open up government data and improve public transportation systems
  • Updated by Publisher: 2017-04-14
  • Level of Use: Standard has only been adopted in NYC
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Potential to expand. At the moment, version 1 is specific to NYC
  • Stakeholder Participation: Public can contribute to the standard's 'issue tracker' on GitHub
  • Consensus-based Governance: Mailing List for ideas for development, inquiries, and concerns
  • Extensions: Open311 Today is an RSS feed that provides updates on daily schedules for public facilities and services
  • Machine Readable: Retrieves the data in XML format (and support JSON structure when indicated by API)
  • Human Readable: Schema has resource identifiers
  • Requires Real-Time Data: 311 Today consists of a RSS feed that streams data about daily schedules and statuses of government services/facilities
  • Metadata: No information
Added to directory: 2017-07-09
Tourist Sites
ServicesOntology
The Ontology Engineering Group
| Version: 0.1
Vocabulario para la representación de lugares, zonas e itinerarios de interés turístico is an ontology for representing tourist attractions and accessibility. This includes classes such as access mode, type of institution, and maintenance cost
Details
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International
  • About the Publisher: The Ontology Engineering Group is based at the Computer Science School at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. It is widely recognised in Europe in the areas of Ontology Engineering, Semantic Infrastructure, Linked Data, and Data Integration. Oscar Corcho has collaborated with members of Spanish city councils and other Spanish organizations to draft vocabularies for linked open data
  • Updated by Publisher: 2015-03-13
  • Level of Use: No information
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: This vocabulary is intended to be used by municipalities across Spain, but could be transferable. Data class and property names are in Spanish
  • Stakeholder Participation: The contributors to this vocabulary include members of both state and city governments, and officials from the Ministry of Industry, Energy, and Tourism
  • Consensus-based Governance: No way for the public and interested parties to contribute to the development of vocabularies
  • Extensions: No information
  • Machine Readable: An OWL schema is provided
  • Human Readable: An HTML documentation page makes the ontology schema human-readable
  • Requires Real-Time Data: No information
  • Metadata: Namespaces used are declared in section 1.1 of the documentation. This vocabulary extends schema.org, GeoNames and FuncacionCTIC ontologies
Added to directory: 2017-08-30
Election Markup Language (EML)
ElectionsElection ResultsHardware
OASIS Election and Voter Services Technical Committee
| Version: 7
The standard supports the end to end process of the election system. The intent of the standard is to 'develop a standard for the structured interchange among hardware, software, and service providers who engage in any aspect of providing election or voter services to public or private organizations...' (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Election_Markup_Language). This is a much more comprehensive schema than the other election data standards observed in this list. In addition, this standard engages in high level election processes
Details
  • License: OASIS Open 2011
  • About the Publisher: OASIS Election and Voter Services Technical Committee is committed to the technical development, refinement and formalization of election standard documents. *Technical Committee was closed in July of 2015 by the OASIS TC Administrator
  • Updated by Publisher: 2011-10-27
  • Level of Use: Ohio, USA, used the standard in their 2014 elections
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: The standard requires a common terminology and definition of election processes so it can be understood and applied across national boundaries. Standard claims to be multilingual, multinational, flexible, adaptable, and technology agnostic, making it easier to adopt across a wide array of jurisdictions
  • Stakeholder Participation: The standard is managed by members of the OASIS Technical Committee. In order to contribute to the standards development, there is a public mail list that acts as a forum for developers to contribute and exchange ideas and advice about the standard's implementation. An individual must subscribe to comment list to provide feedback. https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/comments/index.php?wg_abbrev=election
  • Consensus-based Governance: According to Ron Rivest, EML is a 'consensus-based, publicly available common format that enables the exchange of electronic records between different components in election systems'
  • Extensions: The standard extends so not to change the election process. Implementers of the standard plan on providing a complementary document for a specific election scenario that clarifies security issues raised in the election process
  • Machine Readable: EML is a XML based standard. The structure of the schema consists of vocabulary (the EML core) and individual message schemas
  • Human Readable: EML uses attribute IDs and standard election vocabulary
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Standard requires data from various stages of the election process life cycle
  • Metadata: Standard allows for optional information to be included in the header. Some XML messages require the managing authority and date of issue
Added to directory: 2017-07-09
Commerical Zones
ServicesOntologyCommercial
The Ontology Engineering Group
| Version: 0.1
Vocabulario para la representación de locales y zonas comerciales is an ontology for describing local businesses, shopping areas, and their accessibility
Details
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International
  • About the Publisher: The Ontology Engineering Group is based at the Computer Science School at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. It is widely recognised in Europe in the areas of Ontology Engineering, Semantic Infrastructure, Linked Data, and Data Integration. Oscar Corcho has collaborated with members of Spanish city councils and other Spanish organizations to draft vocabularies for linked open data
  • Updated by Publisher: 2014-06-25
  • Level of Use: No information
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: This vocabulary is intended to be used by municipalities across Spain, but could be transferable. Data class and property names are in Spanish
  • Stakeholder Participation: The contributors to this vocabulary include members of both state and city governments, officials from the Ministry of Industry, Energy, and Tourism, and a member of Localidata, a Spanish start-up specializing in open data
  • Consensus-based Governance: No way for the public and interested parties to contribute to the development of vocabularies
  • Extensions: No information
  • Machine Readable: An OWL schema is provided
  • Human Readable: An HTML documentation page makes the ontology schema human-readable
  • Requires Real-Time Data: No information
  • Metadata: Extends schema.org and GeoNames ontologies.
Added to directory: 2017-08-30
Cultural Events
ServicesOntologyCommercial
The Ontology Engineering Group
| Version: 0.1
Vocabulario para la representación de eventos de una agenda cultural is an ontology for describing local touristic or commercial events. It is cross-referenced with standard Event vocabulary
Details
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International
  • About the Publisher: The Ontology Engineering Group is based at the Computer Science School at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. It is widely recognised in Europe in the areas of Ontology Engineering, Semantic Infrastructure, Linked Data, and Data Integration. Oscar Corcho has collaborated with members of Spanish city councils and other Spanish organizations to draft vocabularies for linked open data
  • Updated by Publisher: 2015-03-06
  • Level of Use: No information
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: This vocabulary is intended to be used by municipalities across Spain, but could be transferable. Data class and property names are in Spanish
  • Stakeholder Participation: The contributors to this vocabulary include members of both state and city governments, and officials from the Ministry of Industry, Energy, and Tourism
  • Consensus-based Governance: No way for the public and interested parties to contribute to the development of vocabularies
  • Extensions: No information
  • Machine Readable: An OWL schema is provided
  • Human Readable: An HTML documentation page makes the ontology schema human-readable
  • Requires Real-Time Data: No information
  • Metadata: Namespaces used are declared in section 1.1 of the documentation. Extends VPDA - Urban Structures ontology. A flowchart in the documentation shows the relationships with schema.org classes
Added to directory: 2017-08-30
Premises Licences
ServicesCommercial
Local Government Association (LGA)
| Version: No information
A CSV template for publishing the details of licences required in order to carry out retail sale of alcohol or the provision of regulated entertainment or the provision of late night refreshment. This includes any location where such activities take place including a building, a moveable structure, an open space, a vehicle or vessel.
Details
  • License: Data providers are encouraged to publish under the Open Government Licence. While the LGA maintains a copyright to the documentation, the standard does not appear to be licensed
  • About the Publisher: The Local Government Association represents the interests of English and Welsh municipal councils in national government. The LGA also promotes communication between local government authorities and develops best practices. LGA standards have been developed in response to the UK's Local Government Transparency Code, which encourages the publication of government data in standardized machine-readable formats.
  • Updated by Publisher: 2014-11-03
  • Level of Use: 377 District and County Councils are members of the LGA
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Many fields require URIs that are specific to UK legal code
  • Stakeholder Participation: The Local Government Association consists of local government officials who collaborate to develop best practices for local authorities, the would-be stakeholders.
  • Consensus-based Governance: Although schemas and documentation are held on GitHub, changes can only be decided by the LGA
  • Extensions: The LGA provides a CSV template, and extensions are not supported by the LGA data portal
  • Machine Readable: CSV format required
  • Human Readable: CSV template has readable headers
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Dates included in the licenses are noted, as well as the date that the data was extracted from its source database, but there is no requirement for consistent publication
  • Metadata: No information
Added to directory: 2017-08-20
Multi-Agency Incident Transfer (MAIT)
ServicesEmergency
British APCO
| Version: 1.0.0
MAIT was created to solve the problem of exchanging incdents between agency control rooms (emergency dispatch). In line with the UK Government's Open Standards Principles, MAIT is a standard for sharing data between local emergency services in the UK
Details
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivatives
  • About the Publisher: As a not-for-profit organisation, British APCO (Association of Public safety Communications Officers) is an independent organisation that provides a forum for professionals in the field of public safety and civil contingencies communications and information technology, to exchange information, ideas and experiences. In partnership with industry it maintains regular liaison with suppliers and other commercial bodies, such as consultants, to monitor developments in technology, new techniques and major programmes.
  • Updated by Publisher: 2016-08-01
  • Level of Use: UK public safety agencies
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Many of the elements in the schema are specific to the UK. A similar standard could be adopted for another sovereignty
  • Stakeholder Participation: The standard is created by BAPCO, an organization that represents Public Safety Communications Officers, who are the stakeholders in different public safety agencies
  • Consensus-based Governance: Any changes to the standard are made by the BAPCO MAIT Standards group. Conflicts can be submitted to them but all publishing/edits are centralized
  • Extensions: There is a section in the documentation specifying the structure of any additional elements (extensions to the schema)
  • Machine Readable: Data standard specifies XML notation
  • Human Readable: XML schema has relevant element names
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Incident Creation Messages are sent induvidually between agencies and contain a timestamp
  • Metadata: No information
Added to directory: 2017-06-14
Accommodations
ServicesOntologyCommercial
The Ontology Engineering Group
| Version: 0.1
Vocabulario para la representación de alojamientos is an ontology for representing lodging information in Spain (hotels, hostels, etc). This vocabulary should be used in conjunction with VPDA - Spanish Postal Addresses and VPDA - Spanish Administrative Land Units
Details
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International
  • About the Publisher: The Ontology Engineering Group is based at the Computer Science School at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. It is widely recognised in Europe in the areas of Ontology Engineering, Semantic Infrastructure, Linked Data, and Data Integration. Oscar Corcho has collaborated with members of Spanish city councils and other Spanish organizations to draft vocabularies for linked open data
  • Updated by Publisher: 2015-03-06
  • Level of Use: No information
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: This vocabulary is intended to be used by municipalities across Spain, but could be transferable. Data class and property names are in Spanish
  • Stakeholder Participation: The contributors to this vocabulary includes a member of Zaragoza city council as well as a member of Localidata, a Spanish start-up specializing in open data
  • Consensus-based Governance: No way for the public and interested parties to contribute to the development of vocabularies
  • Extensions: No information
  • Machine Readable: An OWL schema is provided
  • Human Readable: An HTML documentation page makes the ontology schema human-readable
  • Requires Real-Time Data: No information
  • Metadata: Namespaces used are declared in section 1.1 of the documentation. This vocabulary extends schema.org, GeoNames, FuncacionCTIC, and VPDA - Tourist Sites ontologies
Added to directory: 2017-08-30
Waste Service Standards
ServicesSanitation
Local Digital Coalition
| Version: 1
Digital standard data and API structure for exchanging waste service data
Details
  • License: MIT
  • About the Publisher: The Local Digital Coalition is a publicly funded entity that helps local municipalities adopt collaborative digital standards to increase efficiency
  • Updated by Publisher: 2016-03-01
  • Level of Use: Low. Takeup has not been significant due to lack of resources
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Specification is general, but address format may be specific to UK addresses
  • Stakeholder Participation: 5 UK councils participated in development. Standard is now managed by a coalition group
  • Consensus-based Governance: Documentation and Samples are on GitHub, but there appears to be only one contributor
  • Extensions: Ontology allows for additional terms, and related software projects such as report-a-missed-bin have ben undertaken by participating municipalities
  • Machine Readable: API specification is in RAML format
  • Human Readable: API specification is in RAML format
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Specifies last_collection event as well as next scheduled collection
  • Metadata: Specification also includes a structure for addresses, which uses the Land Registry BS7666 type
Added to directory: 2017-06-13
Human Service Data Specification (HSDS)
ServicesSocial Services
Open Referral
| Version: 1.1
HSDS is a format for exchanging data regarding health, human, and social services. Its purpose is to facilitate the exchange of resource directory data across many information channels, in order to make it easier to share, find, and use information about the resources available to people in need.
Details
  • License: Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 International
  • About the Publisher: Open Referral is an independent community of practice of people working to improve the flow of information about resources available for people in need.
  • Updated by Publisher: 2017-03-01
  • Level of Use: Used primarily by nonprofit organizations and their technology vendors, with some initial adoption by governments and a considerable amount of political support from governments.
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Open Referral emerged in the US but addresses a nearly-universal problem, with several implementations in other countries already underway.
  • Stakeholder Participation: No information
  • Consensus-based Governance: No information
  • Extensions: Extensions are encouraged for information that is particularly relevant for specific subdomains (such as legal services)
  • Machine Readable: JSON datapackage, plus emerging API spec
  • Human Readable: Readable JSON
  • Requires Real-Time Data: This is a core design requirement for the specification to ensure accuracy of data.
  • Metadata: No information
Added to directory: 2017-06-23
Local Inspector Value-entry Specification (LIVES)
ServicesCommercial
Yelp
| Version: 2
Cities use LIVES to publish food inspection information about any restaurant listed on Yelp or any website that has restaurant listings
Details
  • License: No information
  • About the Publisher: Yelp is a multinational company that hosts crowdsourced information about local businesses online. Yelp contributed data and collaborated with municipal bodies in order to develop LIVES
  • Updated by Publisher: 2015-08-10
  • Level of Use: Chicago and Boston have plans to roll out the standard soon. The city of Ottawa also used the LIVES specification for their Public Health Inspection data
  • Open License: Yes
  • Transferable to other Jurisdictions: Standards aims to be used widely in cities across America. Can be applied easily across municipalities
  • Stakeholder Participation: Partnership between public and private sector
  • Consensus-based Governance: Doesn't utilize a mailing list or host an issue tracker so that the public can contribute to the standard's development
  • Extensions: No information
  • Machine Readable: Standard dictates that data should be stored in tabular form. According to this standard, data is stored in CSVs condensed in a zip file. Business and Inspections CSV files are required. Violations, Feed Info, and Legend CSV files are optional. Business CSV contains information about the business while the Inspections CSV file contains information about inspection history for that establishment. Both required field of business id as unique identifiers
  • Human Readable: Standard utilizes human readable identifiers for the data
  • Requires Real-Time Data: Standard requires data of health inspection within the inspections file
  • Metadata: Feed information' and 'score legend' CSV files act as a form of metadata
Added to directory: 2016-08-01

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